Propolis Extract
International Bee Processing Status And Trends
Bee Products include honey, pollen, royal jelly, propolis, beeswax, bee venom, and bee larvae, are the most comprehensive therapeutic Jiapin nutrition and medicine. Bee components is often difficult, not only can regulate physiological functions, improve immune function, enhance the physical, eliminating fatigue, anti-aging, such as the role of inhibition of tumor and beauty, but also treatment and adjuvant treatment of a variety of ills, so by the attention of scholars around the world , in the bee product chemistry, pharmacological effects and clinical applications to carry out a lot of work.
1, bee processing and application status
1. Honey
The use of honey has a long history and wide range of uses that can be used to produce cosmetics, food, medical supplies, such as doctors with honey treatment of burns and trauma patients. Overseas studies have shown that the animals fed honey to prevent the occurrence of animal tumors and metastasis, and enhanced 5 - fluorouracil and cyclophosphamide chemotherapy drugs such as the effect of that honey may be used as anti-cancer, anti-cancer drugs for clinical support .
Honey processing is very common around the world, the United States, Japan, Australia, Germany and other warm honey processing only filter, without enrichment. The main idea of honey processing process are: raw honey → test → Configuration → warm finish of honey melt filtration → heating → cooling → → → test → finished pre-packaged.
United States Romeno Toledo latest high-pressure decompression process as: 107855kg/m2 under the pressure of the honey in a few seconds quickly through a heat exchanger temperature is 82.2 ℃, when the pressure drops, the temperature quickly rises to 135 ℃ , honey can be cooled in a few seconds, so you can kill the bacteria without affecting the honey honey quality.
India's honey processing production line can process 100kg of honey per day, its process as follows: Warm honey bucket → → Pumps → filtering part of the processing part of the barrel → → cooling equipment such as honey bucket. After the initial processing of honey, direct sub-sale equipment, but also can be further processed into other forms of products.
In recent years, ultra-filtration processing techniques are increasingly being applied to the honey, its processes are mostly 3: dilution and preheating (in order to enhance the mobility of honey) → filter (with various types of membranes) → Concentration (making honey moisture back to 21%). Ultra-filtration honey is easily carbonated beverages, soft drinks and fermented beverages Powerlifting mixed residues can be used for fruit juice industry and the beverage industry, in apple and grape juice clarification process, and pectinase as a clarifying agent or synergist can also be used for wine, alternative sulfites or other additives. Ultra-filtered honey Honey has opened up new uses, such as beverages, excipients, pharmaceutical and cosmetics, can improve aspects of honey in the special purpose functionality, increasing the amount of honey in the product. Japanese beverage industry, such as tea, health oral liquid and honey drinks, often use of ultra-filtered honey. Japan also sell a sober and after exercise to take the health drink, mainly bamboo powder, were a mixture of vinegar and honey.
Foreign honey deep processing products are the following: honey, cheese, honey powder (including powder containing starch, honey and pure honey powder types), solid honey, honey wine, honey, beer, milk and honey. Honey as an anti-browning agent and clarifying agent commonly used in Nai Gela grape juice processing.
The United States is the world's largest consumer markets in the world for industrial use honey, industrial honey honey consumption accounts for about 45%, mainly used in food industry, especially for baking bread, health food and breakfast food production. 10% of the food outside the home service industry, including restaurants, schools, hospitals and other social undertakings of units of consumption, the remaining 45% are individual retail purchase consumer.
2. Pollen
McClellan (1977) reported the south-east Scotland, seven kinds of sugar, the main nectar pollen total dry matter of about 1 / 3. Japan Pinaceae, Cupressaceae, Taxodiaceae and 11 species of pollen were studied components, Kanton studied the seven kinds of fir pollen containing raffinose. Watanabe and other Typha latifolia pollen were studied in the sugar composition, and six kinds of plant pollen carbohydrate content of a comparative study, in which Typha latifolia, and pumpkin the highest pollen.
There are many foreign reports on the pollen treatment, such as the French scientist阿里奈拉斯pollen with pollen treatment of insomnia, difficulty concentrating, amnesia, and anemia among children, Romania, and Bulgaria with the pollen treatment of chronic hepatitis, hyperlipidemia, Cerebral artery atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease, Spain, with the pollen treatment of chronic prostate Vesiculitis, mental depression, fatigue weakness and alcoholism, Sweden, with the pollen, "You Shou Er Tong" treatment of prostate disorders and chronic prostatitis and so on. Japan timothy, rye, fine-chu Liu, Chun shiragiku, corn, hazel, poplar, pine and other eight kinds of plant pollen in water extract and organic solvent extracts according to the ratio of 20:1 mixture into the pollen fine for prostate treatment.
Bee pollen is mainly used for feed, including the bees feed, horse feed and a variety of feed and so on, another part of pollen for the production of health foods, food additives and cosmetic Skin Care products. Romania made a "Pollen Pollen film", the Argentine made "VITA Paul," Germany's "pollen sugar pill," Japan's "fill within the spirit," America's "new life insurance," France's "full credit" Britain's "Lide", the German firm Irwin Hagen's "Purcell Fly" brand box pollen, "Prostate-dimensional that he" and many other products.
3. Royal jelly
Royal jelly is a 5-15 day-old worker bees of the tongue glands, and mandibular gland secretion of milky white or light yellow liquid, also known as royal jelly, royal jelly, Feng Ru. Royal jelly for human nutrition and health with a highly functional and medical roles.
On the composition of royal jelly mainly focused in the 20th century, the 80s. Takenaka between 1982-1984 were studied in the chemical composition of royal jelly, water-soluble proteins and peptides, as well as protein and acid and so on. Ivanov et al (1980) analyzed the composition of royal jelly in different parts of Bulgaria and the nature of, Takenaka et al (1982) analysis of China, China Taiwan Province and Japan, the chemical composition of royal jelly. Krol and other analysis of different species of honey royal jelly protein components (1981) and royal jelly in the amino acid composition (1982). Benfenati et al (1985) measured in different regions of Italy in the mineral content of royal jelly, Lercker, et al (1982) analysis of five Italian regions differences in chemical composition of royal jelly.
Watanabe, etc. will be of royal jelly fermentation or enzyme treatment to break down allergens and other unwanted substances to obtain a non-allergenic materials prepared by the royal jelly. JRJ Co., Ltd. of Japan will be made resistant to acid-soluble royal jelly tablets, neither destroy the nutritional value of royal jelly, taking convenience, and good absorption.
4. Propolis
Bee Propolis is dedicated to one of the most unique human beings, the most Amazing Natural substance known as "purple gold." Europe called propolis as a "magic drug", "God's gift," Asia called "outer thing," "Modern panacea," "this century's greatest natural medicine" and so on.
Since 1910 Kustenmacher identified from propolis cinnamic alcohol and cinnamic acid and subsequently, in the north temperate regions of propolis were identified out of more than 300 kinds of compounds. Role in the efficacy of propolis, the foreign scholars to conduct a large number of experiments show that propolis on bacteria, fungi, pathogens, nematodes have to kill or inhibit, including Bacillus larvae, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Staphylococcus aureus grapes bacillus, Streptococcus, Streptomyces, baking yeast, E. coli, Salmonella, 112 strains of anaerobic bacteria, Giardia Lambia, Bacteroides, Klebsiella and other bacteria, Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Botrytis cinerea molds, bee balloon bacteria, six kinds of fungi such as the human fungal infection, herpes, potato virus, influenza, Newcastle disease and other viruses and worms, etc. (HU Fu-liang, 1998). At the same time prove that Propolis (Brazil Bee Propolis and China) as a food ingredient is safe.
Recent pharmacological studies focused on liver damage, cancer (liver, Ehrlich ascites carcinoma, colorectal cancer, cervical cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, etc.), gastric ulcer, lowering Blood Pressure and so on. Experiments show that anti-cancer components of propolis are mainly flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol, galangin, apigenin, luteolin, tangerine orange Flavin and well-Su), caffeic acid phenethyl ester, naphthalene derivatives, Artepillin C.
Abroad for pharmaceuticals and food propolis, basically be divided into two kinds of alcohol-soluble and water-soluble. Boron polymer electrolyte used in Japan was extracted propolis, obtained extract has a very good activity.
Propolis, or bee propolis extract used as allergens in medicine, anti-radiation, anti-cancer, treatment, ulcers, leprosy, narcotic drugs, dental care, stimulating the immune response, bronchitis, lower blood pressure, sedation, gastric ulcer prevention and treatment, to form and maintain serum glucose, strengthen capillary function, mucositis vasodilator drugs (propolis ointment), medical skin graft preservation agent, intra-articular injection of water extract can cure an early age deformation of osteochondritis.
5. Beeswax
In ancient times, people create beeswax candles, AD 230, the Egyptians will be used beeswax painting. Beeswax is widely used in industry, such as leather, paper, paint, teeth model, etc., during World War II, beeswax is mainly used for combat readiness materials, such as the manufacture of sticky bring the Treasury seal, for equipment waterproof, beeswax wire , tackle, canvas and so on. At present, people will beeswax used in cosmetics, as a lipstick, rouge of the matrix, in addition to the oil used to make antifreeze. Horticultural Household beeswax to do fruit trees Jiemu wax and adhesives.
6. Pupae
Pupae, also known as bee embryo, bee Aberdeen, there are two kinds of male pupae and WBP, have a high nutritional value and pharmacological components. Hawk others will bee larvae, pupae and beef, milk, eggs, cod liver oil compared the nutritional content and found that bee larvae, pupae protein content slightly lower than beef, higher than the milk, and egg content of close to fat content and milk beef close to but significantly lower than the egg, although the content of vitamin A than cod liver oil is far more than the other three kinds of food content.
Africa and the Americas, and many other nations have long consumed pupae on behalf of the fill, Europe, the United States, Japan and other countries early development and utilization of pupae, the pupae are made canning bee, insect pupae Pupae biscuits and a variety of dishes, Romania, the bee pupa made of "Bee embryo P g", "Bee embryo Bullock Spirit", "Bee entomogenous Wizard" and other products. Many countries in the biscuits, snacks and other foods added to the formula bee larvae and pupae.
7. Bee venom
Bee venom is in the nature of self-defense weapons, stored in the poison sac, through venom from the sting into the enemy of the body. Venom soluble in water and acid, insoluble in organic solvents, active vulnerable to acid, alkali, high temperature, direct sunlight, and radiation effects. How the composition of bee venom peptides, enzymes, biogenic amines, carbohydrates and other substances formed.
In the pharmacological role of bee venom, such as the pro-neural characteristics, cardiovascular system effects on the endocrine effects, anti-bacterial action, the cell toxin, anti-radiation effects, etc. have carried out extensive research. Of bee venom on the Nervous System has a distinct role. All components of bee venom and melittin, bee venom peptide, etc. Ming significant pro-nerve. Juvvadi by Cecropin A and Melittin hybrids of antimicrobial activity studies, to infer the mechanism of its antibacterial activity.
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